句子類型

　　1．從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，英語的句子可分為三種類型：簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。

　　2．簡單句：由一個(gè)主語（或并列主語）和一個(gè)謂語（或并列謂語）構(gòu)成的句子叫做簡單句。簡單句有六種句型：

　　型號 句型 例 子

　　1 主語＋不及物動(dòng)詞（＋狀語） The Frenchman coughed badly at night. / The city lies in a valley .

　　2 主語＋連系動(dòng)詞＋表語 That is a map of China. / That piece of meat looks quite good. / It sounds like the singing of rails .

　　3 主語＋及物動(dòng)詞＋賓語 You're doing the right thing. / Jack likes to stay at home and play by himself .

　　4 主語＋及物動(dòng)詞＋間接賓語＋直接賓語 Can you tell me the way to the Summer Palace ? / It took me a week to finish the work.

　　5 主語＋及物動(dòng)詞＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語 We call him Li Ming . / The rich man asked the singer to come up to the sitting room .

　　6 There +be+主語＋狀語 There are some flowers on the teacher's desk . / There are 365 days in a year .

　　3．并列句：由并列連詞把兩個(gè)以上的簡單句連在一起構(gòu)成的句子。常用的并列連詞有and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet, neither…nor, either…or, still, however, not only…but also等。并列句的結(jié)構(gòu)：簡單句＋并列詞＋簡單。

　　Hurry up, or you'll miss the early bus . / We love peace but we are not afraid of war . / He must be ill, for he is absent today .

　　She has not only knowledge, but also experience . / He was ill, so he didn't go to school. / Work hard, and you will succeed .

　　4．復(fù)合句：由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子叫做復(fù)合句。主句是句子的主體，從句只用作句子的一個(gè)成分，不能獨(dú)立。從句可以擔(dān)任復(fù)合句的主語（主語從句）、表語（表語從句）、賓語（賓語從句）、定語（定語從句）、狀語（狀語從句）。中學(xué)階段主要學(xué)習(xí)含有狀語從句、賓語從句、定語從句的復(fù)合句。

　　A．狀語從句：在復(fù)合句中修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞等的從句叫做狀語從句。狀語從句根據(jù)它表示的意思的不同可分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、比較（或方式）和條件等類。

　　○1 時(shí)間狀語從句：由when, while, as, the moment, the minute, once, whenever, before, after, till(until), since, as soon as等連詞引導(dǎo)。